Strongest integration

Strongest Integration of Poki Games Online
A well-functioning market is characterized by strong integration. This is achieved through specific communication across specialty boundaries, as well as by emerging interfaces among specialties. Integration may be influenced by various factors, such as trade-oriented policy measures, infrastructure, and trade barriers. In addition, the importance of a reference market and the size of physical trade flows play significant roles in market integration.

In the CIS countries, the strongest level of integration occurs within the region, with the EU market, and with the world market. The pork and beef markets also have the strongest integration. However, only 50% of international market price shocks are transmitted to the domestic markets of the CIS countries. Consequently, there is not much difference in the prices of products between regions. Rather, differences in price arise due to the costs of trade between regions.

Market integration in CIS countries is also highly dependent on the size of physical trade flows. For example, regional traders in the CIS market use price information from international markets to determine the price of agricultural commodities. Trade-oriented policy measures can influence market integration in the CIS. Thus, a rapid change in CIS trade policies can lead to stronger integration.

Another important factor influencing market integration is the strength of the trade relations between the CIS and the international market. In this case, Russia and Ukraine are global leaders in wheat and pig trade. Moreover, Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan are among the largest importers of CIS wheat.

Market integration in CIS countries is highly affected by the size of the reference market, the degree of domestic market support, and the trade-oriented policy measures implemented by a country. Despite these influences, none of the CIS countries are major players in the world market.

To determine the strength of integration, we performed price transmission analysis. Specifically, we measured the regional integration of each CIS country in three reference markets, the EU, the world, and the Eurasian Customs Union (EACU). Our results show that the CIS beef market is the strongest integrated with all three reference markets, while the CIS pork market is the strongest integrated with the EU. On the other hand, the CIS poultry market is weakly integrated with the EU and the world. Furthermore, the CIS market in poultry is the weakest integrated with the EACU.

Our analysis shows that a high level of state support and trade-oriented policy measures can contribute to a strong level of integration. On the other hand, a moderate level of market integration can be interpreted as a sign of market inefficiencies. Therefore, we recommend considering the domestic market support when designing recommendations for improving the competitiveness of the agri-food supply chain in CIS countries.

The results suggest that the agri-food supply chain in the CIS countries is not competitive, and that further improvement requires enhancing the ability of agri-food supply chains to meet the demand of the domestic and foreign markets. Moreover, it is necessary to consider the effects of various bilateral and multilateral trade agreements in order to enhance the competitiveness of the agri-food industry.